Narcolepsy - Insomnia disorder and narcolepsy share some characteristics but the latter often includes other features like sleep paralysis and sleep-related hallucinations. Other symptoms and factors, however, will not be present, such as daytime sleepiness or adequate opportunity to sleep.īreathing-related sleep disorders - Up to 50 per cent of individuals suffering from breathing-related sleep disorders like sleep apnea may also report symptoms of insomnia. Normal sleep variations - Insomnia symptoms may be experienced by people from time to time as variations in normal sleep. The most frequent differential diagnoses with insomnia disorder include: Insomnia disorder shares similar signs and symptoms with various other conditions as a result, the disorder is sometimes difficult to diagnose. Commonly, the disorder occurs with the following physical disorders:Īdditionally, insomnia disorder is often found to be comorbid with various mental disorders, including: Insomnia disorder may occur in isolation or comorbid with other conditions. Daytime napping may also result in insomnia for some people. Some medicines, such as treatments for the common cold, allergies, thyroid disease and high blood pressure, are thought to cause insomnia as a side effect.Ĭonsuming caffeine or alcohol can disrupt sleep patterns, while working from home or late at night can make winding down difficult. Reflux, asthma and thyroid disorders may also cause discomfort and make it difficult to get to sleep or stay asleep. Mood and hormonal changes can contribute to insomnia, while the reverse is also true.Ī number of medical conditions are known to cause insomnia, such as chronic pain, nasal allergies and arthritis. Restless leg syndrome, for example, can hamper attempts to sleep, while sleep apnea causes the sufferer to wake briefly but repeatedly through the night.ĭepression and other mental conditions may contribute to the onset of insomnia disorder. Some sleep disorders may cause insomnia, or coexist with the condition. Over time, the negative associations with sleeping may make it more difficult to fall asleep and stay asleep. Stress or anxiety can make sleeping difficult by causing tension or feelings of worry and overstimulation. There is no single cause of insomnia disorder but many factors may contribute to the condition’s onset, including: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale determines how drowsy a person feels in situations like waiting at traffic signals, watching television or reading.Ī physical examination is usually undertaken and bloods may be tested to check for thyroid function and other disorders. Physicians will often use a variety of techniques to support a diagnosis of insomnia disorder, such as a sleep diary and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale.Ī sleep diary helps identify any potential causal elements and habits, as well as variability in sleeping patterns.
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